Stockholm, Oct 6: Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann, and Georg Nagel won the 2026 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for pioneering discoveries concerning light-gated ion channels and the development of optogenetics. The Nobel Assembly selected 54-year-old Deisseroth, 71-year-old Hegemann, and 73-year-old Nagel for their combined contributions that allow scientists to direct brain cell behavior using light signals.
The foundation of the discovery originated with Hegemann’s early research into how single-celled green algae respond to light rays. In collaboration with Nagel, the team isolated a light-sensitive protein capable of creating electrical impulses, which Deisseroth later adapted into a genetic switch tested in living mice models.
The award includes a cash prize of 12 million Swedish crowns to be divided among the three laureates. Deisseroth works out of Stanford University, while Hegemann serves at Humboldt University in Berlin and Nagel conducts research at the University of Würzburg.
“For the first time we can actually start to understand how the brain processes information and how different neurons interact across the brain,” affirmed Anna Wedell, a professor in genetics and Nobel Committee member, who declared that the breakthrough represents only the beginning of modern neuroscience.
Assembly representatives noted that the methodology has fundamentally transformed laboratory investigations into complex brain functions.
“This method is now being used in laboratories around the world to reveal the brain’s mysteries,” asserted Thomas Perlmann, Secretary-General of the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute. He added that the technique allows direct activation or deactivation of targeted nerve cells.
Family members confirmed the laureates were notified early Monday morning by representatives from Sweden. The medicine award follows last year’s honor granted for immune system research, with additional prize categories set to be announced over the coming days.
